Leaves: alternate, simple, persistent; elliptic to orbicular, less than 5.1 cm long; very spiny-toothed margin (holly-like), stiff; leathery shiny yellow-green above, yellowish to whitish below
Fruit: 16-38 mm long, 2 years to mature, large cup with loose-fitting acorn
Range: Southwest and California
Importance: mast and limited browse; ornamental
Best Recognized Features:
1. Rounded spiny holly-like leaf
2. Leaves lustrous, yellow-green